Objective Altitude training is an important training method for endurance athletes to improve aerobic capacity. Endurance athletes take advantage of the dual stimulation of hypoxia in the altitude environment and hypoxic during training to improve their exercise capacity and physiological function. However, due to the high stimulation of altitude training, the difficulty of recovery and other characteristics, and with the appearance of hypoxic installation, a series of new training methods have been developed. The advantage of IHT is that it can be combined with routine training, and the training altitude and training plan can be adjusted according to the actual situation. Studies in recent years have shown that IHT has some advantages in achieving better athletic performance: (1) IHT can prevent athletes from having sleep disorders and dehydration, which are typical symptoms of prolonged exposure to high altitude environments; (2) The recovery after IHT training is performed under normoxic conditions, which can prevent the athletes from the harmful effects of prolonged hypoxia, and shorten the recovery time after training; and (3) the time spent apart from training under hypoxic conditions may be used for normal training activity. The study intended to develop a appropriate four-week IHT plan, which would be integrated into the training of five high-level race walking athletes in the winter training and with the plain training period, full attention to the combination of special training,hoping to achieve better training effect. At the same time, through the test of aerobic capacity-related indicators, explored the influences of four-weeks IHT on specific ability of high-level race walking athletes. This study will be of great significance to guide the race walking training in the future. Methods Five high-level male race walking athletes(20.6±2.5 y,175±7.7 cm,57.4±9.1 kg) provided informed consent to participate in this study. They would be conducted to four weeks of routine training and four weeks of IHT training. IHT was performed for four weeks, three times a week, about three hours each, in a hypoxic laboratory at an altitude of 2500 m and an oxygen concentration of about 15.3%. Each week, athletes would do aerobic walk training (10 km~15 km,85%AT), intermittent walking training (2 km*5~2 km*6,90-100%AT) and special endurance walking training (16 km~20 km,80%AT). The training programs for routine training and hypoxic training were all consistent. Blood test and treadmill incremental load test were performed before and after the two trainings. In the blood test, the functional indexes such as RBC, Hb, Hct, CK and BU were recorded. In the incremental load test of treadmill, the initial speed was 9 km/h, added 1 km/h every 3 minutes, and HR, BLA, VO2were recorded indicators of aerobic capacity. During the routine and hypoxic training, the athletes wore heart rate monitors and oxygen saturation meters throughout the course of training and recorded the heart rates and oxygen saturations before and after training. Statistical analyses were undertaken using the SPSS software (Version 20). All test results were presented as mean ± SD, and the mean of relevant indicators before and after hypoxic training were analyzed using the paired sample T-test, as p <0.05, with significant difference, as p <0.01, with significant significance differences.
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